See trn on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "en:Trinitario"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of English Trinitario",
"name": "abbrev"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of English Trinitario.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "Latn",
"name": "mul-symbol/script"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"image": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "trn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "trn",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ISO 639-3",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Trinitario."
],
"id": "en-trn-mul-symbol-mul:Q3539279",
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Trinitario."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Wiktionary’s coverage of Trinitario terms"
}
],
"senseid": [
"mul:Q3539279"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q3539279"
]
}
],
"word": "trn"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "symbol"
},
"expansion": "trn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English symbols",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronym: bn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Trillion."
],
"id": "en-trn-en-symbol-en:Q41650357",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q41650357"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q41650357"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 48 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 3 44 44",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 1 46 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: mn, mln, M < bn, bln, B"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
206,
209
],
[
325,
328
]
],
"ref": "2025 July 31, Reporting staff, “Who will pay for the trillion-dollar AI boom? A technological revolution meets a financial one”, in The Economist, archived from the original on 31 Jul 2025:",
"text": "This year companies will spend $400bn on the infrastructure needed to run artificial-intelligence (AI) models. Predictions of the eventual bill are uniformly enormous. Analysts at Morgan Stanley reckon $2.9trn will be spent on data centres and related infrastructure by the end of 2028; consultants at McKinsey put it at $6.7trn by 2030. Like a bad party at a good restaurant, nobody is quite sure who will pick up the tab.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Trillion.",
"Trillion short scale."
],
"id": "en-trn-en-symbol-en:Q416503571",
"links": [
[
"short scale",
"short scale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Trillion.",
"(usually) Trillion short scale."
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
},
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
},
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "mul:T"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q41650357",
"en:Q862978"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q41650357",
"Q862978"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 48 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English symbols",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 3 44 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 1 46 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: mn, mln, M < bn, bln, B < tn, T"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Trillion.",
"Trillion long scale."
],
"id": "en-trn-en-symbol-en:Q416503571",
"links": [
[
"long scale",
"long scale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Trillion.",
"(rare) Trillion long scale."
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
},
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q41650357",
"en:Q319582"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q319582",
"Q41650357"
]
}
],
"word": "trn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "trnitý"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "trní"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "trnovník"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "trnový"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "trn",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech trn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "trn"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech trn",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьrnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*tirnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak tŕň",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tŕn",
"3": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene tŕn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tŕn"
},
"expansion": "Slovene tŕn (tonal orthography)",
"name": "cog/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "tȓn"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian tȓn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн"
},
"expansion": "Russian тёрн (tjorn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "English thorn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech trn, from Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós. Compare Slovak tŕň, Slovene tŕn (tonal orthography), Serbo-Croatian tȓn, Russian тёрн (tjorn), German Dorn, English thorn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "trn m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.locě:u"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "cs:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thorn (protective spine of a plant)"
],
"id": "en-trn-cs-noun-LXWverru",
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Engineering",
"orig": "cs:Engineering",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech words spelled without vowels",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"center, spike, pin (a pointy part used e.g. to hold another object in a machining tool)"
],
"id": "en-trn-cs-noun-yrHQK9OG",
"links": [
[
"engineering",
"engineering#Noun"
],
[
"center",
"center"
],
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"pin",
"pin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(engineering) center, spike, pin (a pointy part used e.g. to hold another object in a machining tool)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtr̩n]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9056 (ces)-TranslateForFun-trn.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-TranslateForFun-trn.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-TranslateForFun-trn.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-TranslateForFun-trn.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-TranslateForFun-trn.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "trn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьrnъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьrnъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*tirnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates",
"name": "col-top"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "трън"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian трън (trăn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "trn"
},
"expansion": "Czech trn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak tŕň",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tŕn",
"3": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene tŕn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tŕn"
},
"expansion": "Slovene tŕn (tonal orthography)",
"name": "cog/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн"
},
"expansion": "Russian тёрн (tjorn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "English thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तृण",
"3": "",
"4": "grass",
"tr": "tṛ́ṇa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तृण (tṛ́ṇa, “grass”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós.\nCognates\nCognate with Bulgarian трън (trăn), Czech trn, Slovak tŕň, Slovene tŕn (tonal orthography), Russian тёрн (tjorn) and терние (ternije). Non-Slavic cognates include English thorn, Sanskrit तृण (tṛ́ṇa, “grass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tȓn",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "тр̑н",
"links": [
[
"тр̑н",
"трн"
]
],
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tȓn",
"links": [
[
"tȓn",
"trn#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tȑnovi",
"links": [
[
"tȑnovi",
"trnovi#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnova",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trnovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tȓn",
"2": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "tȓn m inan (Cyrillic spelling тр̑н)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian words spelled without vowels",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "sh:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tȓnje"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thorn (protective spine of a plant)"
],
"id": "en-trn-sh-noun-LXWverru",
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tr̂ːn/"
}
],
"word": "trn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech words spelled without vowels",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"cs:Botany"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "trnitý"
},
{
"word": "trní"
},
{
"word": "trnovník"
},
{
"word": "trnový"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "trn",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech trn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "trn"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech trn",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьrnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*tirnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak tŕň",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tŕn",
"3": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene tŕn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tŕn"
},
"expansion": "Slovene tŕn (tonal orthography)",
"name": "cog/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "tȓn"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian tȓn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн"
},
"expansion": "Russian тёрн (tjorn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "English thorn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech trn, from Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós. Compare Slovak tŕň, Slovene tŕn (tonal orthography), Serbo-Croatian tȓn, Russian тёрн (tjorn), German Dorn, English thorn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "trn m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.locě:u"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thorn (protective spine of a plant)"
],
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cs:Engineering"
],
"glosses": [
"center, spike, pin (a pointy part used e.g. to hold another object in a machining tool)"
],
"links": [
[
"engineering",
"engineering#Noun"
],
[
"center",
"center"
],
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"pin",
"pin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(engineering) center, spike, pin (a pointy part used e.g. to hold another object in a machining tool)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtr̩n]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9056 (ces)-TranslateForFun-trn.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-TranslateForFun-trn.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-TranslateForFun-trn.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-TranslateForFun-trn.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-TranslateForFun-trn.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "trn"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English symbols",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "symbol"
},
"expansion": "trn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronym: bn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Trillion."
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q41650357"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q41650357"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: mn, mln, M < bn, bln, B"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
206,
209
],
[
325,
328
]
],
"ref": "2025 July 31, Reporting staff, “Who will pay for the trillion-dollar AI boom? A technological revolution meets a financial one”, in The Economist, archived from the original on 31 Jul 2025:",
"text": "This year companies will spend $400bn on the infrastructure needed to run artificial-intelligence (AI) models. Predictions of the eventual bill are uniformly enormous. Analysts at Morgan Stanley reckon $2.9trn will be spent on data centres and related infrastructure by the end of 2028; consultants at McKinsey put it at $6.7trn by 2030. Like a bad party at a good restaurant, nobody is quite sure who will pick up the tab.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Trillion.",
"Trillion short scale."
],
"links": [
[
"short scale",
"short scale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Trillion.",
"(usually) Trillion short scale."
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
},
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
},
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "mul:T"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q41650357",
"en:Q862978"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q41650357",
"Q862978"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: mn, mln, M < bn, bln, B < tn, T"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Trillion.",
"Trillion long scale."
],
"links": [
[
"long scale",
"long scale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Trillion.",
"(rare) Trillion long scale."
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
},
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "tn"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q41650357",
"en:Q319582"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q319582",
"Q41650357"
]
}
],
"word": "trn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "tȓnje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьrnъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tьrnъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*tirnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates",
"name": "col-top"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "трън"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian трън (trăn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "trn"
},
"expansion": "Czech trn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak tŕň",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tŕn",
"3": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene tŕn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tŕn"
},
"expansion": "Slovene tŕn (tonal orthography)",
"name": "cog/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн"
},
"expansion": "Russian тёрн (tjorn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "English thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तृण",
"3": "",
"4": "grass",
"tr": "tṛ́ṇa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तृण (tṛ́ṇa, “grass”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós.\nCognates\nCognate with Bulgarian трън (trăn), Czech trn, Slovak tŕň, Slovene tŕn (tonal orthography), Russian тёрн (tjorn) and терние (ternije). Non-Slavic cognates include English thorn, Sanskrit तृण (tṛ́ṇa, “grass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tȓn",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "тр̑н",
"links": [
[
"тр̑н",
"трн"
]
],
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tȓn",
"links": [
[
"tȓn",
"trn#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tȑnovi",
"links": [
[
"tȑnovi",
"trnovi#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnova",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trnovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trnom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trnovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tȓn",
"2": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "tȓn m inan (Cyrillic spelling тр̑н)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian inanimate nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine inanimate nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian words spelled without vowels",
"sh:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"thorn (protective spine of a plant)"
],
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tr̂ːn/"
}
],
"word": "trn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "en:Trinitario"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of English Trinitario",
"name": "abbrev"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of English Trinitario.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "Latn",
"name": "mul-symbol/script"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"image": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "trn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "trn",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"related": [
{
"word": "Wiktionary’s coverage of Trinitario terms"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ISO 639-3",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual abbreviations",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms derived from English",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Trinitario."
],
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Trinitario."
],
"senseid": [
"mul:Q3539279"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q3539279"
]
}
],
"word": "trn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trn meaning in All languages combined (13.6kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Trillion.'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"trn"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "symbol",
"title": "trn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1896",
"msg": "Template nesting error: template_nesting = 1 couldn't split inflection templates, trn/Serbo-Croatian section declension",
"path": [
"trn"
],
"section": "Serbo-Croatian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.